.
Katzung Drug Facts Book.
, Cited by 26
(note, there are many more biochemistry PDFs available on the ACS website), and open access.
Cited by 11
. "All drugs exert their effects by one or more of the mechanisms listed in the OPLS1 Table on page 15, and many drugs affect more than one mechanism (see 10 ").
"Drugs exert their effect by interacting with target enzymes, receptors, ion channels, and specific receptors (which mediate signal transduction and other intracellular processes). The common clinical consequences of these mechanisms include changes in blood flow, cardiac action potentials, respiration, and secretion of hormones and other substances by the pancreas, and the release of histamine from mast cells and dendritic cells (1-5)."
"Drugs can also interact with the surface of cells, thus altering activity of membrane-bound enzymes. Such drugs are called enzyme inhibitors."
"Many drugs also interfere with cell membranes and even with the genetic material. As a result, cells might divide improperly or fail to divide altogether, causing uncontrolled cell proliferation or programmed cell death (apoptosis). Common effects of this kind of drug-cell interaction include toxicity (cell death), altered membrane transport, altered cell metabolism, altered gene expression, and inhibition of cell replication (6-8). Drugs that impair cellular function in this way are called antimetabolites, antimicrobials, cytotoxics, or antitumor agents (6-8)."
". The mechanism of action of a drug can be both direct and indirect. A direct mechanism means that a drug acts by entering or binding to a cell and changing an activity in the cell. As a result of this action, the cell changes in some way that results in a desired effect (such as pain relief, cancer chemotherapy, or cardiac pacemaker). An indirect mechanism is one in which a drug acts by binding to some molecule in the cell, and thereby changes the concentration of that molecule or the activity of that molecule, and in turn the activity of the cell (see 10). A direct-action drug can be called an agonist, an antagonist, or a modulator of a receptor or enzyme. If a drug also has an indirect mechanism, it is called an antagonist or an enzyme inhibitor. However, some direct-action drugs also have effects by other mechanisms (9)."
"Drugs can also be classified according to their target sites be359ba680
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